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Colorless or yellow crystal or liquid with deliquescence. Soluble in ethanol, ether and water. It has active chemical properties, and can react with ammonia, amides, aldehydes, and compounds containing carboxyl groups through addition or condensation. It is mainly used in the textile industry. It is prepared by catalytic oxidation of ethylene glycol and air in gas phase.

Chemical property

The steam is green and has purple flame when burning. It polymerizes rapidly when placed, exposed to water (violent reaction) or dissolved in aqueous solvent. It usually exists in various polymerization forms. When heated, anhydrous polymer is converted into monomer. The monomer solution can be obtained by co heating the polymer with p-propenylanisole, phenylethyl ether, safrole, methyl nonyl ketone or benzaldehyde. The aqueous solution contains monomolecular glyoxal, which is weakly acidic and has active chemical properties. It can react with ammonia, amide, aldehyde and compounds containing carboxyl groups through addition or condensation.

Function and Use

Glyoxal is mainly used in textile industry. As a fiber treatment agent, it can increase the shrinkage and crease resistance of cotton, nylon and other fibers. It is a durable press finishing agent. This use accounts for 80% of the total consumption of glyoxal in Japan. Glyoxal is an insoluble adhesive such as gelatin, animal glue, cheese, polyvinyl alcohol and starch. Glyoxal is also used in the leather industry and in making waterproof matches. Glyoxal is a raw material for organic synthesis. 2D resin is prepared by heating and condensation of acetaldehyde, urea and formaldehyde in the presence of sodium carbonate, which is used as a fabric finishing agent; The glyoxal reacts with formaldehyde and ammonium sulfate to cyclically synthesize imidazole, and then the imidazole antifungal drugs such as clotrimazole and miconazole are synthesized; Benzopyrazine is obtained by cyclization of glyoxal and o-phenylenediamine: it is an intermediate of the anti tuberculosis drug pyrazinamide. Hydroxyphenyl acetic acid produced by glyoxal has been industrially produced in Japan as an intermediate of antibiotics and vitamin A series products. Glyoxal is also used in the synthesis of berberine hydrochloride and sulfamethoxypyrazine. It is also used as insect repellent, deodorant, corpse preservative and sand curing agent.